Mark Peters and Doug Gould (both London) present the results of the OXY-PICU trial, comparing conservative with liberal oxygenation targets (SpO2 88-92% vs >94%) in critically ill children receiving invasive mechanical ventilation. Luregn Schlapbach (Zurich) delivers an independent editorial. They are joined by Victoria Cornelius (London), Bronagh Blackwood (Belfast), & Matthew Semler (Nashville) for a panel discussion. The session is chaired by Howard Bauchner (Boston).